The concept of using fibers as reinforcement is not new. Fibers have been used as reinforcement since ancient times. Historically, horsehair was used in mortar and straw in mud bricks. In the 1900s, Asbestos fibers were used in concrete. In the 1950s, the concept of composite materials came into existence. By 1960s, Synthetic fibers (such as polypropylene) were used in concrete. Research into new fiber-reinforced concretes continues today, under ASTM and EFNARC Standards.

Synthetic fibers are most commonly added to concrete in order to reduce the Shrinkage Cracks. Shrinkage cracks occur mainly due to moisture loss in concrete. Shrinkage cracks are short, irregular cracks that can develop in concrete within first 24hours after placing.

They also reduce the permeability of concrete and thus reduce bleeding of water. Some types of fibers produce greater impact, abrasion in concrete. Synthetic fibers can replace rebar or steel completely in certain situations.